Prokaryotic cells are simple, small, and lack a true nucleus. They are typically found in bacteria and archaea. These cells have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a circular DNA molecule, which is not enclosed within a membrane. Prokaryotic cells are unicellular and do not have any membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum. Instead, they may have certain structures like pili or flagella to aid in movement and attachment.
On the other hand, eukaryotic cells are more complex, larger, and contain a true nucleus. They are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists. Eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and multiple membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus that houses the DNA. These cells are multicellular and are structurally organized into different tissue and organ systems that perform specialized functions. Eukaryotic cells can be identified by the presence of a true nucleus and the occurrence of membrane-bound organelles.
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells share some common organelles. They both have ribosomes, which are involved in protein synthesis. Ribosomes are responsible for translating genetic information into proteins. Additionally, both types of cells have a plasma membrane that separates the cell from its surroundings and performs selective permeability. However, it is important to note that the structure and composition of these organelles may differ between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
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Prompt- All cells fall into one of two broad categories, prokaryote and eukaryote. Use what you have learned about these two types of cells to describe the differences between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell. How do you know if it is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell? What organelles do they have in common?
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