To determine the force of friction acting on the crate, we start with the information provided. Mr. Musonda applies a force of 75 N to push a crate across the floor at a constant speed. Since the crate is moving at a constant speed, this implies that the net force acting on the crate is zero. Therefore, the force of friction acting opposite to Mr. Musonda's applied force must be equal in magnitude to the applied force.
Calculation of Force of Friction:
\[ \text{Force of Friction} = \text{Applied Force} = 75, \text{N} \]
The force of friction acting on the crate is 75 N.
Work Done and Energy Conversion:
When work is done on the crate, the applied force over a distance causes energy to be transformed. When the crate is pushed at a constant speed, the work done against friction converts energy primarily into the following two forms:
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Thermal Energy (Heat): Friction between the crate and the floor generates heat, increasing the temperature of both surfaces.
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Mechanical Energy (Work done): Although the speed is constant, the work done against friction could also be considered in the context of energy transfer and energy dissipation rather than storage since the crate does not gain kinetic energy; it maintains its constant kinetic energy state.
To summarize, the work done on the crate is being converted primarily into thermal energy due to friction. Additionally, any remaining mechanical energy in the form of kinetic energy remains constant, since the speed does not change.
Final Answer:
- Force of friction: 75 N
- Forms of energy: Thermal energy (heat) and mechanical energy (work done against friction).
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