Molecular biology- summary questions

Answer 1

1. What is molecular biology?
Molecular biology is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of biological activity at the molecular level, including the study of DNA, RNA, proteins, and their interactions within cells.

2. What is the role of DNA in molecular biology?
DNA carries the genetic information that determines the characteristics and functions of living organisms. In molecular biology, DNA is studied to understand the structure, replication, and expression of genes.

3. What are some key techniques used in molecular biology?
Some key techniques used in molecular biology include DNA sequencing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel electrophoresis, recombinant DNA technology, and gene expression analysis.

4. How does molecular biology contribute to medicine?
Molecular biology plays a significant role in medicine by providing insights into the genetic basis of diseases, facilitating the development of diagnostic tests, and guiding the development of targeted therapies.

5. What are the applications of molecular biology in agriculture?
Molecular biology has various applications in agriculture, including the development of genetically modified crops, crop improvement through selective breeding, and the detection and control of plant pathogens.

6. How does molecular biology contribute to our understanding of evolution?
By studying the genetic material of different organisms, molecular biology provides important evidence for evolutionary relationships and helps reconstruct the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

7. What is the connection between molecular biology and biotechnology?
Molecular biology forms the foundation of biotechnology, which involves the use of living organisms or their products to develop new technologies, products, and processes. Techniques such as genetic engineering and DNA manipulation are essential in biotechnology.

8. What are some ethical considerations in molecular biology research?
Some ethical considerations in molecular biology research include the use of animals in experiments, the potential risks and benefits of genetic engineering, and the responsible use of genetic information in areas like personalized medicine.

9. How has molecular biology contributed to our understanding of cancer?
Molecular biology has greatly impacted our understanding of cancer by identifying specific genetic alterations that drive the development and progression of cancer, leading to the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine approaches.

10. What are some recent advancements in molecular biology?
Some recent advancements in molecular biology include the advent of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology, the use of next-generation sequencing for genomics research, and the application of single-cell analysis techniques to understand cellular diversity and function.