Melanie and Tracy are each finding the equation of the trend line that fits the data in the table below.

Participation in the School Band
Year
Number of students
2010
48
2011
52
2012
55
2013
59

Melanie uses the ordered pairs (2010, 48) and (2013, 59) to find her equation. Tracy defines x as the number of years since 2010 and uses the ordered pairs (0, 48) and (3, 59) to find her equation. How will the two girls’ equations compare?
They will have the same slopes and the same y-intercepts.
They will have the same slopes but different y-intercepts.
They will have different slopes but the same y-intercepts.
They will have different slopes and different y-intercepts.

1 answer

To analyze the equations that Melanie and Tracy will derive, we'll start by understanding how both represent their data and their axes.

  1. Melanie's approach:

    • She uses the ordered pairs (2010, 48) and (2013, 59).
    • To find the slope (m), we use the formula: \[ m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1} = \frac{59 - 48}{2013 - 2010} = \frac{11}{3} \]
    • Using the point-slope form of the equation, we can find her line: \[ y - 48 = \frac{11}{3}(x - 2010) \]
  2. Tracy's approach:

    • She defines \( x \) as the number of years since 2010, using the ordered pairs (0, 48) and (3, 59).
    • Again, we compute the slope: \[ m = \frac{59 - 48}{3 - 0} = \frac{11}{3} \]
    • The line equation becomes: \[ y - 48 = \frac{11}{3}(x - 0) \]

From these calculations, we see that both Melanie and Tracy compute the same slope of \(\frac{11}{3}\). The y-intercept, however, differs due to their use of different \( x \) values.

  • Melanie's y-intercept can be derived from her original equation, where the y-intercept can be calculated as seen in her equation with respect to the year.
  • Tracy's y-intercept will allow her to express the trend relative to her transformed \( x \).

Since both girls have the same slope, while their y-intercepts will be different (as they define \( x \) differently regarding the starting year), we can conclude that:

The correct answer is: They will have the same slopes but different y-intercepts.