Here are the best matches for each description:
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Against the Constitution; believed it needed a bill of rights; Patrick Henry and George Mason - ANTI FEDERALIST
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Agreement that decided how many representatives large and small states would send to Congress - GREAT COMPROMISE
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Supported the Constitution; believed it created a more stable Union; Alexander Hamilton and James Madison - FEDERALIST
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First government; Congress could negotiate treaties and declare war; no executive branch - ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION