Here are the matches based on the descriptions provided:
- Leonardo da Vinci - a. painter, scientist, and inventor
- Martin Luther - b. German theologian who led the Reformation by posting the 95 theses to the door of a church. He inspired other reformers like the Anabaptists
- Henry VIII - c. English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage. He divorced his wife after he made himself the head of the new church.
- John Calvin - d. religious reformer who believed in predestination and a government governed by religion
- Machiavelli - e. Wrote "The Prince," which showed how ruler should be feared more than loved