Here is the matched list according to your descriptions:
- A ball hit outside the 1st or 3rd base lines - foul ball
- The player positioned behind home plate - catcher
- The player on the mound in the middle of the field - pitcher
- Occurs when a fielder fails to make a play - error
- A pitcher can throw three of these to get a batter out - strike
- The player responsible for the area between 2nd and 3rd base - shortstop
- Area over home plate between the armpits and the knees - strike zone
- The official behind home plate - umpire
- A pitch thrown outside the strike zone - ball
- When a pitcher throws out a base runner - pick off
Feel free to let me know if you need any further assistance!