Here is how each event helped lead to the Civil War:
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The Missouri Compromise: Established a line (the 36°30' parallel) that divided free and slave territories, temporarily easing tensions but ultimately highlighting the sectional divide over slavery.
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Fugitive Slave Act of 1850: Strengthened the process for capturing runaway slaves, angering abolitionists in the North and solidifying opposition to slavery.
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Kansas-Nebraska Act: Allowed settlers in Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether to allow slavery, leading to violent conflict known as "Bleeding Kansas" and increasing sectional tensions.
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Dred Scott decision: Ruled that African Americans could not be citizens and that Congress did not have the authority to prohibit slavery in the territories, invalidating earlier compromises and inflaming the abolitionist movement.
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Election of 1860: Resulted in the victory of Abraham Lincoln, who was seen as an opponent of slavery's expansion, leading to Southern states’ secession from the Union.
Feel free to let me know if you need further clarification!