While the argument for expansion as a path to peace is rooted in the notion of civilizing missions and spreading order, it's important to recognize the detrimental effects that imperialism and expansionist policies can have on the nations and peoples being 'civilized.'
First and foremost, the narrative that expansion brings peace often overlooks the violence and disruption it inflicts on indigenous populations. Historically, the expansion into territories such as Mississippi, Florida, and Texas resulted in widespread displacement, cultural erasure, and significant loss of life among Native American populations. The notion that these regions became 'peaceful' through expansion disregards the trauma and destruction of the lives and societies that were forcibly disrupted.
Moreover, the idea that a 'great civilized power' has an intrinsic right to impose its will on others relies on an outdated and paternalistic worldview. It assumes that Western values and governance systems are inherently superior, disregarding the rich histories, cultures, and systems of governance already present in those territories. Imposing foreign systems often leads to resistance, conflict, and a cycle of violence rather than the intended peace.
Furthermore, the rhetoric of peace through expansion tends to serve the interests of the imperial power rather than the people within the occupied territories. Instead of creating an equitable and just society for all, expansion often results in exploitation of resources and labor, economic disenfranchisement, and perpetuation of inequality. This only deepens resentment and conflict, ultimately undermining the very peace that is claimed to be established.
Finally, true peace and stability are best achieved through mutual respect, understanding, and partnership rather than through coercion and domination. Promoting self-determination and acknowledging the agency of all peoples is a more ethical and sustainable approach to international relations. It recognizes that each nation has the right to determine its own path and that genuine peace requires collaboration rather than conquest.
In summary, the argument for expansion as a means of achieving peace fails to account for the complexities and consequences of imperialism, overshadowing the suffering of those affected by such policies and neglecting the values of respect, dignity, and self-determination.