From magnetic striping patterns, scientists can learn the following:
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The cause of magnetic pole reversals - Understanding the patterns can provide insights into the history of Earth's magnetic field and how reversals occur.
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The direction plates are moving relative to each other - Magnetic striping on the ocean floor shows symmetrical patterns about mid-ocean ridges, indicating the direction of plate movement.
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The speed of one plate as it subducts below another plate - The width of magnetic stripes can help estimate the rate of plate movement, as older stripes are further from the ridge and younger stripes are closer.
These answers focus on geological and tectonic processes rather than predicting specific future events like earthquakes or the timing of future magnetic reversals.