Macromolecule Function Monomer Examples

Question

Carbohydrates Response area Monosaccharides
glucose
fructose
cellulose

Lipids Response area Glycerol with fatty acids oils
fats
steroids
Proteins Response area Amino acid enzymes
antibodies
keratin
Nucleic acids Response area

structural support and immunity
stores genetic information
short-term energy
long-term energy

Answer 1

Here’s the completed table with the additional information regarding nucleic acids and a clearer alignment of functions and examples:

| Macromolecule | Function | Monomer | Examples | |------------------|-----------------------------------|------------------|---------------------------------------| | Carbohydrates | Short-term energy, structural support | Monosaccharides | Glucose, Fructose, Cellulose | | Lipids | Long-term energy, cellular structure, signaling | Glycerol with fatty acids | Oils, Fats, Steroids | | Proteins | Structural support, immunity, catalysts | Amino acids | Enzymes, Antibodies, Keratin | | Nucleic acids | Stores genetic information, gene expression | Nucleotides | DNA, RNA |

Key Points:

• Carbohydrates provide quick energy and can serve structural roles (like cellulose in plant cell walls).
• Lipids are essential for long-term energy storage and are vital in forming cell membranes, and also play roles in signaling (like steroids).
• Proteins serve numerous functions, including acting as enzymes to catalyze biochemical reactions, forming structures, and providing immune responses.
• Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are crucial for storing and transmitting genetic information, as well as for the synthesis of proteins.

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