Curriculum in the Philippines:
1. The curriculum in the Philippines is governed by the Department of Education (DepEd) and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED). These bodies oversee the development and implementation of curricula in both basic education and higher education.
Basic education:
2. The basic education curriculum in the Philippines is divided into three levels: elementary, junior high school, and senior high school. Elementary education includes grades 1-6, while junior high school covers grades 7-10. Senior high school is a two-year program (grades 11-12) that was introduced in 2012 as part of the K-12 education reform.
3. The K-12 curriculum aims to provide a holistic and comprehensive education that prepares students for college, vocational career paths, entrepreneurship, or employment. It includes subjects such as English, Mathematics, Science, Filipino, Social Studies, Physical Education, and others. It also emphasizes the development of 21st-century skills like critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity.
Technical vocational education:
4. Technical vocational education in the Philippines focuses on developing specific skills and competencies required in various industries. It provides training in trades such as automotive, electronics, culinary arts, construction, tourism, healthcare, and many others. Technical vocational education is typically offered through vocational schools, technical institutes, and training centers.
5. The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) is the government agency responsible for overseeing and promoting technical vocational education and training in the Philippines. TESDA offers a wide range of programs and certifications that cater to the needs of individuals, industries, and communities.
Higher education:
6. Higher education in the Philippines is provided by universities, colleges, and other tertiary institutions. Higher education institutions offer undergraduate programs (bachelor's degrees) and postgraduate programs (master's and doctoral degrees).
7. The higher education curriculum in the Philippines varies depending on the field of study or discipline. It can include general education courses, major subjects specific to the chosen field, and elective courses. Higher education aims to provide advanced knowledge, skills, and research capabilities in various disciplines.
Types of curricula in schools:
8. In schools, there are different types of curricula that can be implemented based on educational approaches and philosophies. Some common types include:
a. Traditional Curriculum: This follows a structured and discipline-based approach, focusing on core subjects and standardized assessments.
b. Integrated Curriculum: This integrates different subjects and topics to create connections and promote interdisciplinary learning.
c. Project-based Curriculum: This emphasizes hands-on, experiential learning where students work on projects and solve real-world problems.
d. Competency-based Curriculum: This focuses on developing specific competencies or skills required for a particular field or industry.
e. Montessori Curriculum: Inspired by the educational philosophy of Maria Montessori, this curriculum promotes individualized learning and hands-on materials.
f. Waldorf Curriculum: Based on the teachings of Rudolf Steiner, this curriculum focuses on holistic development, creativity, and artistic expression.
g. International Baccalaureate (IB) Curriculum: This curriculum is recognized worldwide and emphasizes a global perspective, critical thinking, and inquiry-based learning.
These are just some examples of curricula that schools may adopt, and there can be variations and combinations based on the specific needs and philosophies of institutions.
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đź“ŚCurriculum in the Philippines
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