1) Introduction of new crops and farming practices: European colonizers brought new crops such as wheat, barley, and grapes to the New World, which were not previously grown by the indigenous peoples. They also introduced new farming techniques such as crop rotation and plowing with draft animals.
2) Land Grants: Colonizers received large tracts of land from the government, which provided them with resources to cultivate crops. Plantations were established and utilized labor from enslaved African individuals.
3) Irrigation and drainage schemes: To cultivate crops in normally dry areas, colonizers constructed irrigation systems that allowed them to divert water from nearby rivers and streams. They also built drainage systems to prevent waterlogging in areas with high rainfall.
4) Export-Oriented Agriculture: Colonizers grew crops such as tobacco, sugar, and coffee for export back to Europe. These crops were high in demand and provided a lucrative source of income for the colonizers.
List four agricultural measures during the colonial period.
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