Hypothesis
When chemicals A and B are mixed together, they will undergo a chemical reaction that produces gas and a color change, indicating a new compound has formed.
Experimentation
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Materials Needed:
- Chemical A (e.g., sodium bicarbonate)
- Chemical B (e.g., acetic acid)
- Test tube
- Measuring spoons
- Safety goggles and gloves
- pH paper or color indicator
- Stopwatch
- Notebook for recording observations
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Procedure:
- Put on safety goggles and gloves for protection.
- Measure 1 teaspoon (5g) of chemical A and add it to the test tube.
- Measure 1 tablespoon (15ml) of chemical B and slowly add it to the test tube containing chemical A.
- Start the stopwatch to monitor the reaction time.
- Observe the test tube carefully, noting any changes such as bubbling, temperature change, or color change.
- After 5 minutes, use pH paper to check the acidity/alkalinity of the solution.
- Record all observations, including any changes in the state of matter, color, and other physical properties.
Observation
- Upon mixing chemical A and chemical B, bubbling was observed immediately, indicating the release of gas.
- The solution began to fizz and produced a foam that rose in the test tube.
- There was a noticeable color change from clear to cloudy due to the formation of bubbles and reaction products.
- The temperature of the test tube felt cooler to the touch, suggesting an endothermic reaction.
- The pH paper indicated a change from neutral (7) to slightly acidic (around 5) after the reaction settled.
Analyze Data and Draw Conclusions
- The initial hypothesis was confirmed as mixing chemical A (sodium bicarbonate) and chemical B (acetic acid) resulted in a chemical reaction that produced carbon dioxide gas (bubbles) and a change in color, indicating that a new substance was formed.
- The observation of a temperature drop suggested the reaction was endothermic, absorbing heat from the surroundings.
- The change in pH indicated that acetic acid still dominated after the reaction, which was consistent with the expected products.
- Based on the gathered data, it can be concluded that the two chemicals reacted as hypothesized, resulting in the formation of carbon dioxide gas, water, and sodium acetate, leading to both physical and chemical changes in the mixture. Further experiments could be conducted to quantify the amount of gas produced or to test different concentrations of the chemicals.
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