Yes, your rephrasing "John became captain of the team" is correct.
John = subject
was chosen = verb (passive voice)
captain = subject complement
of = preposition
the = article
team = object of preposition "of"
[of the team = prepositional phrase modifying "captain"]
In a sentence with a passive verb, the subject does not do the action. Whoever is doing the action is usually indicated by a prepositional phrase beginning with "by" -- such as "by his teammates." This sentence doesn't have that phrase, though, so it is not stated who chose him.
John was chosen captain of the team.
in these sentence is captain subject?
Who did this action?John or?What is object in this sentence?
I think that John became captain of the team.Is it right?
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