To solve the equation \( 4x + 3 = 55 \), we need to find the value of \( x \), which represents the number of friends Jesse has.
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Start by subtracting 3 from both sides of the equation: \[ 4x + 3 - 3 = 55 - 3 \] This simplifies to: \[ 4x = 52 \]
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Next, divide both sides by 4: \[ \frac{4x}{4} = \frac{52}{4} \] This simplifies to: \[ x = 13 \]
Thus, the number of friends at Jesse's party is \( \boxed{13} \).