The Moon takes approximately 29.5 days to complete one full orbit around the Earth, which corresponds to a full lunar cycle (new moon to new moon). This full cycle includes all the phases of the Moon: new moon, first quarter, full moon, and last quarter.
To find out how long it takes to go through a quarter phase, we can divide the total days in a lunar month by 4:
\[ \frac{29.5 \text{ days}}{4} = 7.375 \text{ days} \]
Now, converting 0.375 days into hours (since there are 24 hours in a day):
\[ 0.375 \times 24 \text{ hours} = 9 \text{ hours} \]
So, 7.375 days can be expressed as 7 days and 9 hours.
None of the options provided perfectly match this calculation. However, the closest option in terms of the common division of lunar phases is 7 days and 5 hours per quarter, though it's worth noting it's slightly under the calculated time.
Thus, the most fitting answer from the given choices is:
7 days and 5 hours per quarter.