Buddhism is often described as both a religion and a philosophy, depending on the context and the perspective of the practitioners and scholars discussing it.
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As a Religion: Buddhism incorporates various religious elements, such as rituals, ethical guidelines, and beliefs about the nature of existence, the afterlife, and the practice of meditation. It has established communities, temples, and a diverse range of beliefs and practices, including reverence for various figures such as the Buddha and bodhisattvas.
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As a Philosophy: Buddhism includes philosophical teachings about the nature of suffering, the self, and the path to enlightenment. It emphasizes inquiry into the nature of reality, the impermanence of life, and the interconnectedness of all beings. Many practitioners focus on its philosophical aspects, particularly in Western contexts, where it may be seen more as a way of life or a system of thought rather than a traditional religion.
Ultimately, how one categorizes Buddhism can depend on individual beliefs and practices, as well as the particular cultural or historical context in which it is being considered.