Atherosclerosis is associated with several factors, including:
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High LDL cholesterol: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol. Elevated levels can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries.
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High blood pressure: Hypertension puts additional strain on blood vessels, which can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.
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Smoking: Tobacco smoke contains chemicals that harm blood vessels and promote the formation of plaques.
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Diabetes: Elevated blood sugar can damage blood vessel linings, increasing the risk of plaque formation.
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Obesity: Excess body weight is linked to conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol levels, all of which are risk factors for atherosclerosis.
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Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity can lead to obesity and contribute to other risk factors.
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Unhealthy diet: Diets high in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium can increase cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
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Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the body is thought to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis.
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Genetic factors: Family history and genetic predisposition can increase an individual's risk for developing atherosclerosis.
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Age and gender: Risk increases with age, and men generally have a higher risk at younger ages compared to women.
These factors can contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, leading to complications such as heart attacks and strokes.