The statement "The information in an IP address goes from broad to specific" best captures the hierarchical nature of IP addresses.
In IPv4, for example, an IP address is structured such that the first part of the address identifies the broader network (the network portion), while the latter part identifies the specific device (the host portion) within that network. This hierarchy allows for efficient routing of data across the internet.
The other statements, while related to IP addresses and networking, do not directly describe the hierarchical structure. Specifically:
- "Addresses can be expressed in 32 bits." refers to the format of IPv4 addresses but does not address the hierarchical aspect.
- "Protocols are used to standardize communication between machines." relates to network communication but doesn't define the nature of IP addresses.
- "Only certain machines employ IP addresses to send and receive data." is incorrect since virtually all devices that connect to a network using the Internet Protocol utilize an IP address for communication.
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