The introductory paragraph primarily introduces the 2014 Ebola outbreak.
Here's why this answer is the most accurate:
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Focus on the Outbreak: The paragraph centers around Emile's story but uses it to illustrate how he is believed to be "patient zero" in the context of the 2014 outbreak. The mention of multiple outbreaks since 1976 and the emphasis on the severity of the 2014 outbreak indicates that the primary focus is on this specific event.
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Contextual Clarity: While the narrative does include elements about how viruses spread (e.g., the potential bite from a fruit bat), it does not delve deeply into the theory or mechanics of virus transmission. Instead, it uses Emile's story to set the stage for discussing the broader context of the Ebola virus as it pertains to the highlighted outbreak.
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Specific to Timeframe: The reference to the events occurring in December 2013 and the subsequent outbreak further supports its central theme around that specific timeframe and outbreak compared to a broader historical context.
Therefore, the best answer is the 2014 Ebola outbreak.