In a circuit, an independent variable is a variable that can be controlled or manipulated by the experimenter. It is the variable that is changed purposely to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
For example, in a simple circuit where the independent variable is the voltage applied across a resistor, the experimenter can change and control the voltage (by using a variable power supply) while measuring the resulting current flowing through the resistor (the dependent variable).
Another example is in an experiment examining the effect of different resistances on the current in a circuit. In this case, the independent variable would be the resistance, and the experimenter would change and control the resistors in the circuit to observe the corresponding changes in current (the dependent variable).
The independent variable is often plotted on the x-axis of a graph, and the dependent variable is plotted on the y-axis. This allows for the visualization and analysis of the relationship between the two variables.
Independent variable in a circuit
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