An author can shape how readers think about the subject in the following ways:
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By creating figurative meaning - Figurative language (such as metaphors and similes) can evoke emotions and encourage readers to think more deeply about the subject.
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By sharing anecdotes - Personal stories or anecdotes can make the subject more relatable and help readers connect with the material on a personal level, thereby influencing their perspective.
Using structure and stating facts can also shape understanding, but the two best ways from your options are the first two.