In three to five sentences, construct an argument that shows why lichens are necessary to establish a new ecosystem after an extreme disturbance.
1 answer
Lichens are a symbiotic association between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria, and they are known to be the pioneers of colonization in barren environments. They can grow on bare rocks, soil, and tree bark, and they are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen, which is essential for plant growth. Lichens also produce organic matter that contributes to soil formation, and they provide a food source for herbivores. Therefore, lichens play a crucial role in establishing a new ecosystem after an extreme disturbance, as they create a foundation for other organisms to thrive.