In this illustration, which site is an example of a trench?

four cross sections. image A shows a large underground area colored yellow and orange funneling up to a tube that breaks through the relatively flat ground. image B shows a cross-section of two mountainous formations. the one on the left has a grey tube descending through its middle but solid ground beneath it. the one on the right has a tube descending through its middle. this tube connects to an underground area colored bright orange and yellow. the yellow gets particularly intense just beneath the land formation on the right as it funnels into the tube. a smaller tube branches off the larger middle one and reaches the outside of the mountainous formation. an oval colored yellow sits in the middle of the large tube in the middle of the mountainous formation. image C shows a cross-section of a mountainous formation. smoke comes from its top where a tube descends to an underground oval area beneath the formation. the tube and the oval are colored in oranges and yellows. smaller tubes branch off the larger one and touch the sides of the formation. image D shows a large formation that looks like a ditch. underground, the ditch is underlaid with what looks like tan bricks. beneath this, a large underground area colored orange balloons up to almost, but not quite touch, the brick-like bottom of the ditch.

A

B

C

D

11 answers

In the context of your description, the site that is an example of a trench is image D. This image features a large formation that resembles a ditch, with an underground area colored orange that balloons up towards the bottom of the trench-like structure. This description aligns with the characteristics of a trench, which is typically a long, narrow excavation or depression in the ground.

In this illustration, at which site would you expect to find basaltic magma eruptions without volcanoes?
A composite of four images showing, magma below earth surface labeled A, a dormant volcano and an active volcano labeled B, earthquakes and magma flowing onto the surface but no large volcano labeled C, and a fault in the surface due to an earthquake labeled D.

A

B

C

D

You would expect to find basaltic magma eruptions without volcanoes at image C. This image describes a scenario where magma is flowing onto the surface but there are no large volcanoes present. This is characteristic of basaltic magma eruptions that can occur in places like mid-ocean ridges or continental rifts, where magma can escape without forming traditional volcanic structures.

Which of the following features was not created by subduction?

A. Alps

B. Japan

C. Andes

D. Mariana Trench

The feature that was not created by subduction is A. Alps.

The Alps were primarily formed through the collision of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates, which is a process known as continental collision, rather than subduction. The other features listed—Japan (an island arc formed by subduction), the Andes (a mountain range that formed as a result of the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate), and the Mariana Trench (formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Mariana Plate)—are all associated with subduction processes.

Which hypothesis was confirmed using paleomagnetic evidence?

A. subduction

B. seafloor spreading

C. hot spots

D. transform boundaries

The hypothesis that was confirmed using paleomagnetic evidence is B. seafloor spreading.

Paleomagnetic evidence, which involves studying the magnetic properties of rocks to understand historical changes in Earth's magnetic field, has provided significant support for the theory of seafloor spreading. This evidence demonstrates how new oceanic crust is created at mid-ocean ridges and how the magnetic orientation of rocks changes as they move away from the ridge, supporting the concept of tectonic plate movements and the formation of new oceanic crust over time.

A central crack forms where a thin section of earth’s crust breaks and molten rock seeps out. Which geologic feature would result from this?

A. a volcano

B. a fossil

C. valley

D. a glacier

The geologic feature that would result from a central crack where a thin section of Earth's crust breaks and molten rock seeps out is A. a volcano.

When molten rock (magma) rises to the surface through a crack or fissure, it can erupt and form a volcano. Volcanic activity typically occurs in regions where the Earth's crust is thin or weak, allowing magma to escape and create volcanic structures.

Which geologic feature occurs at a convergent boundary?

A. a rill

B. an earthquake

C. a river

D. an ocean valley

The geologic feature that occurs at a convergent boundary is B. an earthquake.

Convergent boundaries occur where two tectonic plates are moving towards each other. This interaction can lead to intense geological activity, including earthquakes, as the plates collide, subduct, or crunch against each other. While other features like mountains or ocean trenches can also form at convergent boundaries, an earthquake is a significant and common geologic event associated with those boundaries.

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