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What is a social process? A social process refers to the way that people interact with each other and how these interactions lead to changes in society. It's about how individuals and groups behave, communicate, and work together over time, influencing social structures and relationships.
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Four types of social process in relation to the Nigerian rural setting:
a. Cooperation
- Discussion: In rural Nigeria, cooperation is crucial for farming and community projects. Farmers often come together to share labor during planting and harvesting, known as "shadow farming." This joint effort helps increase productivity and strengthens community bonds, ensuring mutual support and resource sharing.
b. Competition
- Discussion: Competition can be observed among farmers in rural areas as they strive to produce the best crops or livestock. This may lead to improved farming practices and innovation. However, competition can also create tensions, especially when resources are limited, causing disputes over land and water.
c. Conflict
- Discussion: Conflicts can arise in rural Nigeria due to land disputes, cultural differences, and resource scarcity. For example, conflicts between herders and farmers over grazing land and water sources have been common. These conflicts can disrupt community harmony and lead to violence, affecting livelihoods and social stability.
d. Assimilation
- Discussion: Assimilation occurs when communities adopt new cultural practices or ideas. In rural Nigeria, this might happen when younger generations embrace modern technology and education, leading to changes in traditional farming methods or lifestyle choices. While this can enhance productivity and development, it may also threaten traditional values and practices.
Understanding these social processes helps to grasp how rural communities in Nigeria interact, adapt, and evolve over time.
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