In pea plants, since the allele for purple flowers (P) is dominant over the allele for white flowers (p), we can derive conclusions about the genotypes based on the phenotypes.
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If a plant has purple flowers, then its genotype must be Pp. - This statement is not necessarily true because a plant with purple flowers could have either the genotype PP (homozygous dominant) or Pp (heterozygous).
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If a plant has purple flowers, then its genotype must be PP. - This statement is also not necessarily true for the same reason as above. The plant could be either PP or Pp.
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If a plant has white flowers, then its genotype must be Pp. - This statement is false. A plant with white flowers can only have the genotype pp.
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If a plant has white flowers, then its genotype must be pp. - This statement is true because only the homozygous recessive genotype (pp) results in white flowers, as white is expressed only when both alleles are recessive.
In summary, the following conclusion can be made based on the provided statements: If a plant has white flowers, then its genotype must be pp.
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