In her 1996 article in Cultural Anthropology, Liisa Malkki argues that refugees are “speechless emissaries.” Draw from Malkki’s article, lectures, and tutorials to explain this argument. Your explanation should address the following questions:

Question

Referencing (2)

Answer 1

1. What does Malkki mean by the term "speechless emissaries"?
2. How does Malkki suggest that refugees can be seen as both speechless and as emissaries in the context of her argument?

In her article, Malkki argues that refugees can be seen as "speechless emissaries" because they are often portrayed as voiceless and passive victims in need of saving by international organizations and the media. This portrayal silences refugees' own voices and agency, reducing them to mere objects of pity or humanitarian aid.

Malkki suggests that this construction of refugees as speechless victims ignores the complex and diverse experiences of refugees themselves. She argues that refugees are not simply victims, but rather individuals with their own stories, perspectives, and agency. By reducing refugees to speechless victims, the voices and agency of refugees are silenced, perpetuating stereotypes and dehumanizing them in the process.

Additionally, Malkki argues that refugees can also be seen as emissaries because they represent a form of mobility and transnational connection. Refugees often move between different countries and cultures, carrying with them their own cultural traditions, experiences, and knowledge. In this sense, refugees can be seen as emissaries who bring their own unique perspectives and experiences to new communities and contexts.

Overall, Malkki's argument highlights the importance of recognizing the agency and voice of refugees, rather than reducing them to passive victims. By acknowledging the complexity and diversity of refugees' experiences, we can challenge stereotypes and misconceptions, and instead foster a more inclusive and empowering narrative surrounding refugees.