The best option to maintain grammatical correctness and clarity in the sentence is:
D medical experts suggested that adults should drink
So the complete corrected sentence would read:
"In fact, (5) between 12 and 18 cups of water per day based on weight, climate, and exertion levels, medical experts suggested that adults should drink."
This choice appropriately uses the past tense "suggested" and follows it with the correct structure "should drink."