The two questions, "¿Cómo está Raúl?" and "¿Cómo es Raúl?" have different meanings due to the verbs used and the context they imply.
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¿Cómo está Raúl? - This question uses the verb "estar," which refers to temporary states or conditions. So, when you ask "How is Raúl?" you are inquiring about his current emotional state, health, or situation. For example, you might be asking if he is feeling happy, sad, sick, or tired at that moment.
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¿Cómo es Raúl? - This question uses the verb "ser," which refers to permanent or inherent characteristics. When you ask "How is Raúl?" in this context, you are looking for a description of his personality, physical traits, or defining qualities. For example, you might be asking if he is friendly, tall, intelligent, or funny.
In summary, "¿Cómo está Raúl?" focuses on his temporary state, while "¿Cómo es Raúl?" focuses on his permanent characteristics.
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