In details explain mineral nutrition

Answer 1

Mineral nutrition refers to the process by which plants absorb essential minerals from the soil in order to grow and function properly. These essential minerals are required by plants in varying quantities for processes such as photosynthesis, cell division, and nutrient transport.

There are two main types of minerals that plants require: macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are needed in large quantities and include elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. Micronutrients, on the other hand, are needed in much smaller quantities and include elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, and chlorine.

Plants absorb minerals from the soil through their roots. The roots have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the surface area for absorption. Minerals are taken up by the roots through both active transport, which requires energy, and passive transport, which does not require energy.

Once absorbed, minerals are transported throughout the plant via the xylem and phloem, which are vascular tissues responsible for water and nutrient transport. The minerals are then used in various processes within the plant, such as forming essential proteins, enzymes, and chlorophyll.

If a plant does not receive an adequate supply of essential minerals, it may exhibit symptoms of nutrient deficiency, such as yellowing of leaves, stunted growth, and decreased fruit production. To address these deficiencies, gardeners and farmers can apply fertilizers containing the necessary minerals to the soil to ensure that plants have access to the nutrients they need for optimal growth and development.