In a magnesium oxide experiment

Describe the effect of the following factors, whether decrease, increase, or has no effect on the reported value of Mg to O mole ratio:

a) if carbon is deposited on the crucible's surface(due to improper heating) and the crucible with contents is weighed without removing the carbon residue.
b) if the magnesium oxide ash is not dried completely.
c) if rapid oxidation of magnesium occurs by too much air, and some Mg is lost.
d) if air is not allowed sufficiently to react with Mg.

please help
thank you in advance.

2 answers

a. So the apparent mass of MgO will be higher, that makes the apparent mass oxygen added too high and that increases the O part of MgO.
b. So the apparent mass of the MgO is too large because you've weighed some water. That makes you think you added more oxygen. Same problem as a.
c. Losing Mg means Mg part of MgO is too small.
Describe the effect of the following factors, whether the increase, decrease, or has no
effect on the reported value of Mg to O mole ratio:
a. If carbon is deposited on the crucible’s surface (due to improper heating) and the
crucible with contents is weighed without removing the carbon residue.
b. If the magnesium oxide ash is not dried completely.
c. If rapid oxidation of magnesium occurs by too much air, and some Mg is lost.
d. If air is not allowed sufficiently to react with Mg.