In 9th grade work and writing The Tibetans and Han Chinese share several genetic traits and DNA. However, the EPAS1 gene, which increases the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen even in low oxygen environments, is only commonly found in the Tibetan population that live in higher elevations. Explain why this gene is only common in Tibetan populations from the perspective of competitive advantage and natural selection. Write your answer in three to five sentences.
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The EPAS1 gene provides a competitive advantage to Tibetans living in high altitudes as it allows them to thrive in low oxygen environments where others would struggle. This gene helps them to adapt to the harsh conditions at high elevations, giving them an edge in survival and reproduction. Through natural selection, individuals with the EPAS1 gene are more likely to pass on their genes to future generations, leading to its prevalence in the Tibetan population but not in the Han Chinese population.
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