A proportional relationship is characterized by an equation of the form \( y = kx \), where \( k \) is a constant and there is no constant added or subtracted.
Among the given options:
- \( y = x - 4 \) (not proportional)
- \( y = 4x + 1 \) (not proportional)
- \( y = 4x \) (proportional)
- \( y = x + 4 \) (not proportional)
The equation that represents a proportional relationship is ( y = 4x ).