This seems to be a question asked in the context of a lab experiment you were supposed to do. Were you using a diffraction grating to measure a wavelength? I don't know what you mean by the "average displacement".
I assume you are familiar with the diffraction grating equation. If not, see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction#Diffraction_Grating
You need to measure angles accurately, and know the groove spacing, to compute the wavelength.
If the grating is not properly aligned, what are the consequences on the average angular displacement and wvelength reading? Please elaborate.
How do grating constants affect the observed spectral lines?
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No, not average displacement, "angular displacement". We used a spectrometer in this experiment. We were always checking if the grating was aligned. What happens to the ANGULAR displacement and the wavelength reading when the grating isn't aligned?
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