If f(x) and g(x) are quadratic functions but (f + g)(x) produces the graph below, which statement must be true?

On a coordinate plane, a straight line with negative slope represents (f + g) (x). It goes through points (negative 3, 4), (0, 1), and (1, 0).
The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are opposites.
The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are opposite reciprocals.
The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are the same.
The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are reciprocals.

1 answer

To determine which statement must be true regarding the functions \( f(x) \) and \( g(x) \) given that their sum, \( (f + g)(x) \), is a linear function represented by a straight line with a negative slope, we can analyze the implications:

  1. Quadratic Functions: Both \( f(x) \) and \( g(x) \) are quadratic functions, which means they can generally be expressed in the form: \[ f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c \] \[ g(x) = dx^2 + ex + k \]

  2. Sum of Quadratics: The sum \( (f + g)(x) = (a + d)x^2 + (b + e)x + (c + k) \).

    • For \( (f + g)(x) \) to be linear, the coefficient of \( x^2 \) must be zero, which implies: \[ a + d = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad d = -a \]
  3. Interpretation of Leading Coefficients: From this conclusion, if \( f(x) \) has a leading coefficient \( a \) and \( g(x) \) has a leading coefficient \( d \), the condition \( d = -a \) tells us that the leading coefficients of \( f(x) \) and \( g(x) \) must be opposites.

Now let's evaluate the options provided:

  • The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are opposites. (TRUE, since \( d = -a \))
  • The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are opposite reciprocals. (FALSE, as they do not satisfy that condition)
  • The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are the same. (FALSE, since they are opposites)
  • The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are reciprocals. (FALSE, as they are not reciprocals)

Given the analysis, the statement that must be true is: The leading coefficients of f(x) and g(x) are opposites.