To identify which diagram represents a step in constructing a perpendicular line that is not a perpendicular bisector, we should look for a diagram that shows a perpendicular line intersecting the given line segment at a point that is not the midpoint.
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The first diagram shows a solid line segment XY with a dashed vertical line segment perpendicular to it, intersecting it approximately one fourth of the distance between X and Y. This indicates that the line intersects at a point that is not the midpoint, thus representing a perpendicular line that is not a perpendicular bisector.
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The second diagram shows a compass with its needle on point B and the pencil placed about two thirds of the way along the line segment AB. This step does not depict the construction of a perpendicular line yet.
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The third diagram describes a construction where two arcs intersect at points C and D, along with a line drawn through those points forming a right angle at the midpoint M of segment AB. This indicates the construction of a perpendicular bisector.
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The fourth diagram indicates a compass setup with point A and the pencil placed approximately two thirds along segment AB but does not illustrate a perpendicular line yet.
From this analysis, the first diagram is the one that represents a step in constructing a perpendicular line that is not a perpendicular bisector.