Homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I of meiosis. In this stage, the homologous chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell. The options you provided do not include anaphase I, but it is important to note that anaphase II involves the separation of sister chromatids.
To clarify:
- Prophase I: Homologous chromosomes pair up and crossing over occurs.
- Metaphase I: Homologous chromosome pairs line up at the metaphase plate.
- Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes are separated.
- Prophase II: The second meiotic division begins, but it does not involve homologous chromosome separation.
So, the correct answer to the question about where homologous chromosomes separate is anaphase I, though it's not listed in your options.