The first response is the most accurate and comprehensive. It recognizes both the violent motivations stemming from the historical context of the Reconquista and the Crusades, alongside the more charitable aspects of Christian missions aimed at conversion.
- Cause: The Reconquista and the Crusades instilled a sense of religious fervor and entitlement among European Christians, who sought to spread Christianity and counter the influence of Islam.
- Effect: This led to a drive for exploration as European powers sought to expand their territories and propagate their faith.
The second response is less accurate, as it mischaracterizes the role of missionaries and does not adequately explain the motivations and consequences. The mention of "hostile Christian missionaries" waging war against Indigenous populations is misleading, as the missionary presence was generally aimed at peaceful conversion, although it did lead to conflict in some cases.