The figurative language in the sentence "I was stuffed from eating the whole cheesecake" is hyperbole.
Hyperbole is an exaggerated statement that is not meant to be taken literally but is used for emphasis or to convey strong feelings. In this case, saying "I was stuffed" suggests an extreme level of fullness after eating an entire cheesecake, which emphasizes the extent of indulgence rather than a literal description of being stuffed like a physical object.