Identify only two of the many major volcanic hazards, and explain how they affect our environment

Answer 1

Two major volcanic hazards are lava flows and ash fall.

1. Lava Flows: Lava flows consist of molten rock that exits a volcano during an eruption. They can move slowly or rapidly, depending on the viscosity of the lava. As they travel, lava flows can destroy anything in their path, including homes, infrastructure, and agricultural land. The flow of lava alters the landscape, potentially creating new landforms. Additionally, the thermal energy of lava can ignite fires and generate toxic gases, impacting air quality and potentially harming ecosystems.

2. Ash Fall: Volcanic ash is composed of fine particles of rock and glass ejected during an eruption. Ash fall can spread over large areas, burying or compaction of structures, contamination of water supplies, and detrimental impacts on agriculture. The weight of accumulated ash can damage roofs, and the fine particles can cause respiratory issues for humans and animals. Ash also affects air travel, as it can damage aircraft engines and lead to flight cancellations, disrupting transportation and trade.

Both hazards pose significant risks to human health, economic stability, and the environment, demonstrating the far-reaching impacts of volcanic activity.