Identify and differentiate between the two programming models or paradigms

Question

that will be considered for the development effort. Substantiate your answer with
examples related to the development of the application required by the sports
administrators.

Answer 1

The two programming models or paradigms that can be considered for the development effort for the application required by the sports administrators are procedural programming and object-oriented programming.

1. Procedural Programming:
Procedural programming is a programming paradigm that is based on a linear step-by-step sequence of instructions. It focuses on dividing the program into smaller procedural units and executing them in a systematic manner. In this model, the emphasis is on procedures or functions, which take inputs, perform computations, and produce outputs.

Example for the sports administrators' application:
In the sports administrators' application, procedural programming can be used to implement specific procedures or functions for handling different tasks such as adding a new player, updating player information, calculating game statistics, generating reports, etc. Each of these tasks can be encapsulated within separate functions, and the flow of execution can be controlled by calling these functions when required. For instance:

```
function addPlayer(name, age, sport) {
// Code to add a new player to the database
}

function updatePlayerInfo(id, field, value) {
// Code to update a player's information in the database
}

function calculateStatistics(playerId) {
// Code to calculate game statistics for a player
}

// Calling the above functions as per the application requirements
addPlayer("John Doe", 25, "Basketball");
updatePlayerInfo(123, "Age", 26);
calculateStatistics(456);
```

2. Object-Oriented Programming:
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that revolves around the concept of objects, which are instances of classes. It focuses on encapsulating data and behavior within objects and emphasizes the interaction between objects. The key principles of OOP are inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism.

Example for the sports administrators' application:
In the sports administrators' application, object-oriented programming can be used to represent various entities as objects with their own properties and methods. For example, there could be classes like Player, Team, Game, etc., each representing a specific entity with its attributes and operations. These classes can be instantiated to create objects that interact with each other to achieve the desired functionality. For instance:

```
class Player {
constructor(name, age, sport) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.sport = sport;
}

updateInfo(field, value) {
// Code to update a player's information
}

calculateStatistics() {
// Code to calculate game statistics for a player
}
}

// Creating objects and making use of their methods
const player1 = new Player("John Doe", 25, "Basketball");
player1.updateInfo("Age", 26);
player1.calculateStatistics();
```

In this example, the Player class represents a player entity, and objects of this class can be created to store player-related information. The updateInfo() method allows modifying specific attributes of a player, and calculateStatistics() method helps in calculating game-related statistics for a player.

By considering these different programming models or paradigms, developers can choose the one that best suits the requirements and complexity of the sports administrators' application.