Here are the correct statements about the ionization of water:
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Dissociation of water is reversible. - True. The ionization of water can go both ways, producing hydronium (H₃O⁺) and hydroxide (OH⁻) ions, and can also recombine to form water.
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Dissociation of water is not reversible. - False. As mentioned above, the dissociation of water is indeed reversible.
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Water ionizes to form hydroxide and hydronium ions. - True. The dissociation of water can be expressed as: \( H_2O \rightleftharpoons H^+ + OH^- \), or more commonly as: \( 2 H_2O \rightleftharpoons H_3O^+ + OH^- \).
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Water ionizes to form peroxide and hydronium ions. - False. Water does not ionize to form peroxide; it primarily forms hydroxide and hydronium ions.
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Dissociation of water produces equal masses of OH⁻ and H⁺. - False. The masses are not equal, as the mass of a hydroxide ion (OH⁻) is slightly different from that of a hydrogen ion (H⁺).
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Dissociation of water produces equal numbers of OH⁻ and H⁺. - True. The dissociation of water produces equal moles (and thus equal numbers) of hydroxide (OH⁻) and hydrogen (or hydronium, H₃O⁺) ions.
In summary, the correct statements are:
- Dissociation of water is reversible.
- Water ionizes to form hydroxide and hydronium ions.
- Dissociation of water produces equal numbers of OH⁻ and H⁺.