Sure! Below are the answers to the questions from Unit 3, covering essential grammar and punctuation topics.
Unit 3 Lesson 1 Grammar and Punctuation Introduction
Summarize the podcast on page 1 of 1:
The podcast introduces fundamental concepts of grammar and punctuation, emphasizing their importance in effective communication. It discusses various elements such as subjects and verbs, the function of antecedents, and the role of different parts of speech. Listeners learn how proper grammar can enhance clarity and readability in writing, as well as common challenges that writers face.
Define the following terms:
- Subject - The noun or pronoun that the sentence is about.
- Verb - A word that describes an action, occurrence, or state of being.
- Antecedent - The noun that a pronoun refers back to in a sentence.
- Inverted - A sentence structure where the typical subject-verb order is reversed.
- Pronoun - A word that takes the place of a noun.
- Adjective - A word that describes or modifies a noun.
- Series - A list or sequence of three or more items in a sentence.
ELA 7A - Unit 3 Lesson 2 - Subject and Verb Agreement
Key Words
- Plural - Refers to more than one of something (e.g., cats, dogs).
- Prepositional Phrase - A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun (e.g., under the table).
- Singular - Refers to one of something (e.g., cat, dog).
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10 common prepositions:
- in, on, at, by, with, about, under, over, between, through.
Example sentence: The cat slept under the bed.
- in, on, at, by, with, about, under, over, between, through.
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Check-In sentence examples:
Sentence 1: The student writes a paper.
Sentence 2: The dog barks loudly.
Define inverted word order and indefinite pronoun (pg 5 of 13).
- Inverted Word Order - A sentence structure in which the usual subject-verb order is switched, often to emphasize a certain part of the sentence.
- Indefinite Pronoun - A pronoun that does not refer to any specific person, thing, or amount (e.g., anyone, everyone, something).
Four-Column Chart Answers:
(Please fill in with specific examples from your document, as they are not provided here.)
Check-In (pg 7 of 13)
Fill in the blank with the correct verb based on the Check-In activity.
Behind the stage is a large area for instruments.
Few have seen the results yet.
All of the listeners are waiting anxiously.
Most of the day was very entertaining.
Collective nouns - Nouns that represent a group of people or things as a single entity.
Examples of collective nouns - team, class, flock, bunch, committee.
Use a collective noun in a sentence - The team is preparing for the championship game.
Unit 3 Lesson 3 - Adjectives and Adverbs
What is a compound adjective?
A compound adjective is made up of two or more words and hyphenated to modify a noun.
Explain when a compound adjective should and should not be hyphenated.
A compound adjective should be hyphenated when it comes before a noun (e.g., well-known author), but it should not be hyphenated when it appears after the noun (e.g., the author is well known).
Example of hyphenated compound adjective: well-known; Example without the hyphen: bittersweet.
Differentiate between an adverb and an adjective.
An adjective modifies a noun, describing its qualities, whereas an adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, describing how, when, or to what extent something is done.
Word Bank
Several people were quite upset by the celebrity’s remarks.
After crying for ten minutes, Scotty became suddenly calm.
I am frequently nervous when I have to speak in front of a group.
Use Adverbs that Modify Adverbs (pages 10 and 11) -
Adverb intensifiers are adverbs that enhance or strengthen the meaning of other adverbs.
Examples of adverb intensifiers: very, extremely.
Practice - Write 2 sentences using the adverbs:
Sentence 1: She was extremely happy.
Sentence 2: He ran very quickly to catch the bus.
Unit 3 Lesson 5 - Direct and Indirect Objects
What is the difference between a direct object and an indirect object?
A direct object receives the action of the verb directly (what or whom), while an indirect object indicates to whom or for whom the action is done.
Identify the roles in these sentences:
- Tonya mailed her brother a postcard from Australia. Indirect object
- In the morning, Robert cooked eggs for breakfast. Direct object
- After the concert, Kimi called her mother to come and pick her up. Indirect object
- Sophia gave the club’s sponsor a copy of her speech. Indirect object
- Joon wrote a review of the new superhero movie for his blog. Direct object
Unit 3 Lesson 6 - Using Correct Punctuation
Define each of the following Keywords and provide an example:
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Appositive Clause: A noun or noun phrase that renames another noun beside it.
Example: My brother, a skilled musician, plays the guitar. -
Comma: A punctuation mark used to indicate a pause between parts of a sentence.
Example: I bought apples, oranges, and bananas. -
Compound Sentence: A sentence that contains at least two independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
Example: I wanted to go for a run, but it started to rain. -
Independent Clause: A clause that can stand alone as a sentence.
Example: She enjoys reading. -
Items in a Series: A list of three or more items separated by commas.
Example: We need milk, eggs, bread, and cheese. -
Introductory Element: A word or phrase at the beginning of the sentence that sets the stage for the main idea.
Example: After school, we went to the park.
Check-In (p. 3)
Identify which comma rules are used in each sentence:
- Mom flew to Chicago and landed at O’Hare International Airport, one of the busiest airports in the U. S. Appositive
- If I win tickets to the concert, I will go with my best friend. Long Introductory Element
- We visited many of Rome’s landmarks, but we didn’t get into the Colosseum. Compound Sentence
- Leo ran down the block, across the street, through the park, and into the library. Items in a Series
Practice (p.4)
Rewrite each sentence correctly and identify the comma rule:
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Upon entering the room, the detective noticed several possible clues.
Comma Rule: Long Introductory Element
Corrected Sentence: Upon entering the room, the detective noticed several possible clues. -
I did extra chores all week long because I wanted to get a later curfew over the weekend.
Comma Rule: Comma before “because” is not necessary, thus, it’s correct as is.
Corrected Sentence: I did extra chores all week long because I wanted to get a later curfew over the weekend. -
My favorite types of movies are comedies, action, and suspense.
Comma Rule: Items in a Series
Corrected Sentence: My favorite types of movies are comedies, action, and suspense. -
Many people enjoy baseball, the great American pastime.
Comma Rule: Appositive
Corrected Sentence: Many people enjoy baseball, the great American pastime.
Define the following Keywords and write examples of each:
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Apostrophe: A punctuation mark used to indicate possession or the omission of letters.
Example: Sarah’s book, don’t (do not). -
Contraction: A shortened form of one or two words created by omitting certain letters and sounds.
Example: can't (cannot).
What is unique about possessive pronouns?
Possessive pronouns (e.g., mine, yours) do not require an apostrophe to indicate ownership, unlike possessive nouns.
Type two sentences from the Check-In on page 7. One should show ownership and the other should show a contraction.
- Ownership example: That toy is mine.
- Contraction example: He’s going to the party.
Using Quotation Marks Correctly (pg. 10)
Rules:
- Capitalization: The first word in a direct quote should be capitalized.
- Commas: Use commas to separate quotation marks from the rest of the sentence.
- End Punctuation: Place punctuation inside the quotation marks.
- Titles: Use quotation marks to denote the titles of short works (e.g., articles, poems).
Practice (pg. 12)
(Please fill in answers based on your document exercises, as they are not provided here.)
Unit 3 Lesson 7 Using a Comma
Define the following keywords:
- Coordinate adjectives: Two or more adjectives that equally modify the same noun.
- Linking Verb: A verb that connects the subject to its complement (describes or identifies the subject).
Summarize page 2:
Page 2 emphasizes the importance of proper comma usage with coordinate adjectives to avoid ambiguity in meaning. For example, "The big, red balloon floated away" (correct usage) highlights that both "big" and "red" describe "balloon."
Unit 3 Lesson 8 Using Semicolons
What is a semicolon and what does it look like?
A semicolon is a punctuation mark (;) used to link independent clauses that are closely related in thought.
Correct the following sentence:
I plan to bring my watercolors on our trip to Seattle, Washington; Portland, Oregon; and Vancouver, British Columbia.
What is a colon, when should you use it, and what does it look like? (p. 5-6)
A colon (:) is a punctuation mark used to introduce a list, a quote, or an explanation. Used when the preceding statement is complete and sets up what follows.
Name the three main ways to use a semicolon:
- To connect closely related independent clauses.
- To separate items in a complex list where commas are already used.
- Before conjunctive adverbs that connect two independent clauses.
Unit 3 Lesson 9 Grammar and Punctuation Apply
Complete the Targeted Activity on page 3 of Unit 4 Lesson 9.
(Please fill in answers based on your document activities, as they are not provided here.)
Independent Reading Book (IRB)
Questions are based on what you’ve read so far
- Title: _____________________________________________________________
- Author: __________________________________________________________
- Genre: ________________________
- Subgenre: ___________________________
- Lexile Level of the Book: ___________
- Your Lexile Score: _____________________
- Central Idea(s): ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
- Objective Summary: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Feel free to adjust any of the answers based on your own studies or fill in any specific examples and activities from your material!
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