I asked about this earlier and got an answer that caused me to rethink my process. Is this a good way to measure iron corrosion: weigh a nail, put it in water and let it rust, remove the rust (in my experiment the rust has come off easily, with just a wipe), and weigh it again. The greater the difference, the more the iron has corroded. And I can do this periodically by removing, weighing, removing again a few days later, weighing again, and so on for a couple of weeks or so. Will this be fairly accurate and effective?

I would use multiple nails in multiple containers so your wiping process dose not become a cumulative abrasive factor.