Hyponatremia is a medical condition characterized by a lower-than-normal concentration of sodium in the blood. It occurs when there is an imbalance in the amount of water and sodium in the body. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps maintain the balance of fluids in and outside of cells, as well as regulating blood pressure and nerve function.
There are several causes of hyponatremia, including excessive fluid intake, certain medications, hormonal imbalances (such as in adrenal insufficiency or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion), kidney diseases, and heart failure. It can also be triggered by prolonged exercise or endurance activities, especially in hot weather.
Symptoms of hyponatremia can include nausea, headache, confusion, seizures, muscle weakness, fatigue, and in severe cases, it can lead to coma or even death. Treatment options for hyponatremia depend on the underlying cause and may involve fluid restriction, medication adjustments, or correction of hormonal imbalances.
It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you or someone else may have hyponatremia, as it can be a potentially serious condition that requires proper diagnosis and management.
hyponatremia.
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