The most accurate statement regarding how trade affected the Arabian Peninsula is: Trade connected the Arabian Peninsula to the rest of the world.
The Arabian Peninsula was strategically located along major trade routes, which facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures between different regions, including Africa, Europe, and Asia. This connectivity played a significant role in the economic and cultural development of the area, contributing to the rise of important cities like Mecca and Medina, which became crucial trade centers. As a result, the Arabian Peninsula experienced increased interaction with various cultures and civilizations, leading to significant socio-economic and religious impacts, including the spread of Islam.