How many moles of hydroxide ion would you expect to be in 500ml of household ammonia?

Answer 1

Household ammonia typically has a concentration of about 1-10% ammonia by weight. For this calculation, let's assume the concentration is 5%.

The molar mass of ammonia (NH3) is 17.03 g/mol. Therefore, a 5% solution of ammonia contains 5 g of ammonia in 100 g of solution (since 5% is equivalent to 5g/100g).

Using the formula:

moles = mass / molar mass

moles = 5 g / 17.03 g/mol ≈ 0.294 moles

Since ammonia reacts with water to form ammonium ion (NH4+) and hydroxide ion (OH-), you would expect the same number of moles of hydroxide ion as ammonia. Therefore, in 500 ml of household ammonia, you would expect approximately 0.294 moles of hydroxide ions.