The main difference between the Canadian and U.S. governments is that in Canada, the head of government (the Prime Minister) is not elected directly by the people. Instead, the Prime Minister is typically the leader of the political party that wins the most seats in parliament during a general election. In contrast, the President of the United States is elected directly by the people through a different electoral process.
Additionally, both Canada and the U.S. have separate branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial), and both have legislative bodies (Parliament in Canada and Congress in the U.S.) that pass laws. However, the structures and functions of these branches can differ significantly between the two countries.