Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two fundamental processes in living organisms that involve the transfer and transformation of energy.
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Photosynthesis: This process occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria. It converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. The basic inputs are carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O), and it requires light energy (typically from the sun). The overall equation for photosynthesis can be summarized as:
- 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose) + 6 O₂
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Cellular Respiration: This process occurs in the cells of animals, plants, and fungi. It breaks down glucose (produced during photosynthesis) to release stored energy for cellular activities. The basic inputs are glucose and oxygen (O₂), and it produces carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. The overall equation for cellular respiration can be summarized as:
- C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + ATP (energy)
Key Differences:
- Photosynthesis requires light energy, while cellular respiration does not.
- Photosynthesis involves the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, whereas cellular respiration does the opposite, converting glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.
If choosing from the options given:
- The process involves light (this is true for photosynthesis, not cellular respiration).
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